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In eukaryotes, activator proteins bind to _____; generalized transcription factors bind to _____7/13/2023 This extra complex results from the heterodimer of the two GCN4 proteins of different sizes, demonstrating that GCN4 binds DNA as a dimer. A mixture of wild-type GCN4 protein and a smaller GCN4 derivative generated three complexes with DNA, two corresponding to those observed when the proteins are present individually and one new complex of intermediate mobility. This observation was utilized here to develop a novel method for determining the subunit structure of DNA binding proteins. Previous analysis of truncated GCN4 derivatives localized the DNA binding domain to the C-terminal 60 amino acids and revealed that the size of the GCN4 derivative and the electrophoretic mobility of the protein-DNA complex were inversely related. The eukaryotic transcriptional activator protein, GCN4, synthesized in vitro from the cloned gene, binds specifically to the promoters of yeast amino acid biosynthetic genes.
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